Making sense of security tools
Many effective protections are already built into your devices or free. We explain what each tool type is good for – no rankings and no ad links.
Protect your accounts
Most harm starts with a taken-over account. This is where you gain the most.
- Password managersA unique, long password for every account – without having to remember it.Often already built into your operating system or browser.
- Passkeys and MFAA second proof or a passkey stops most account takeovers.Free with almost every major service.
- Hardware security keysA physical USB or NFC key – highly resistant to phishing.Passkeys on your smartphone are the free alternative.
Protect your devices
Updates, screen lock and built-in protection – usually there already, not always switched on.
- Antivirus and built-in device protectionUpdates, screen lock and malware protection – modern systems include a lot.Built-in protection on current systems is a solid starting point.
- Browser securityYour browser is your window to the web – keep it current and use extensions sparingly.Built-in warnings about dangerous sites are free.
Protect your data
What is backed up cannot be permanently destroyed by extortion or hardware failure.
Protect your home network
Router, Wi-Fi and connections are the door to every device in your household.
- Router and Wi-Fi securityCurrent firmware, your own admin password and a guest network.Almost all of this is already in your existing router.
- VPNEncrypts your connection to a server – useful on untrusted networks, not all-round protection.Not needed in many everyday situations because websites are already encrypted.
- DNS protectionBlocks known harmful addresses before a connection is made.Can often be set up free in your router or device.
- Smart home securityCameras, speakers and plugs are small computers – with their own risks.A guest network and updates are the most important free steps.
Protect your identity
Notice early when your data appears somewhere or is being misused.
Protect family and children
Shared rules, suitable settings and a plan for emergencies.